Major research themes:

• Clinical ethics dilemma in low-income settings with a particular focus on bedside dilemmas and treatment of newborns
• Teaching and capacity building in medical ethics and priority setting with a particular focus on context-adjusted teaching and training in low-resource settings
• Moral distress and moral resilience
• Priority setting, financial risk protection, universal health care coverage and policy recommendations
• Ethical concerns for migrant health
• Clinical ethics committees

I currently supervise 7 PhD-candidates in various areas within clinical ethics and priority setting in health. See CHER for more details.

I´ve been fortunate to be employed part-time as an associate professor/professor at the University of Bergen since 2012, as an ethicist at Haukeland University Hospital, and as a practising clinician. I also led the Organizing Committee for the 13th International Society for Priorities in Health Care PRIORITIES2022, which gave me a solid insight into priorities worldwide and an engaging network of researchers, policymakers and clinicians. I´m a member of the National Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics and the WHO Working Group on Clinical Ethics. I am also part of the UNESCO International Bioethics Committee. Together with Professor Cynda Rushton I lead the Global Moral Resilience and Ethical Practices Collaboratory. 

 

SUPERVISION

Previous 

• Kristine Husøy Onarheim (MD, PhD) on the project “Priority to the ill newborn? Real-life priority setting and intra-household resource allocation for newborn health in Ethiopia”. UiB. Defended in April 2018. Main supervisor.
• Valerie Luyckx (MD) PhD-candidate at Univ. of Zurich. “Dialysis-treatment in Africa”. Co-supervisor. 2016 -2019
• Medical students at their PhD-track at UiB: Kristine Husøy Onarheim. Main supervisor. (2011-2014) and Emily McLean. Main supervisor. (2015-2019) Kaya Celin, Main supervisor. (2019 –2022)
• Wakuma Chala. Master in Emergency Medicine, Addis Ababa University. Co-supervisor. 2016
• Twenty-six medical students who wrote their thesis. 2010 - 

 

Ongoing

• Emily McLean (MD) on the project. “Ethical dilemma and abortion in Ethiopia”. Main supervisor. 2020 -
• Nina Kleven-Madsen PhD-candidate on the project “Ethical challenges and priority decisions experienced by leaders and health care professionals treating trauma patients in Malawi: a qualitative study. Main supervisor. 2021-
• Mulu Beyene Kidanemariam, PhD-candidate at the Faculty of Law, University of Bergen. Co-supervisor. 2020-
• Gabrielle Leonie Schwartz (MD) PhD-candidate on the project “Very elderly patients´ preferences and participation in shared decision making in the event of acute life-threatening illness. Co-supervisor. 20121-
• Justin Kent Haugland-Pruitt, PhD-candidate at IGS , UiB at the project “Ethical assessment of technology and artificial intelligence for the care of older adults”. Co-supervisor. 2024 -
• Jon Asbjørn Risgaar Kanavin , PhD-candidate at BCEPS on the project “Strenghtening accountablilty for reasonableness under nonideal circumstances: addressing limitations, improvements and applications” Main supervisor 2025 -
• Mabel Aduo-Adjei. Masterstudent in global health, UiB on the project “Moral distress and moral resilience among cardiac care health care workers in Ghana” Main supervisor. 2024 -
• Five dental students writing their master thesis 2024 -

 

 

Got the status of "Merrited teacher" at the University of Bergen in 2022. 

Main teaching obligations:

• Medical ethics for medical and dentistry students at UoB from 2007 –  
• Responsible (fagansvarlig) for teaching medical ethics of medical and dentistry students. 2016-
• Responsible for the course “Ethics and Priority Setting for Leaders”, Helse Bergen 2015 –
• Skill-based training in ethics at the course “Administrasjon og Ledelse” by the Norwegian Med. Assoc. 2016 -
• Teaching of health personnel on different ethical aspects of their job/ethical analysis at Norwegian hospitals (approx. 2-3 sessions/month) 2010-
• Medical ethics and priority setting, Master-students in various clinical nursing specialties, Bergen University College (4-6 half day seminars/year). 2013 -
• Global health course for 3rd-year medical students and master students in international health 2008 -. I was one of the three who developed this course, which later got the Ugle prize at UoB
• Medical ethics and priority setting for teachers in medical ethics in Ethiopia (2 weeks yearly) TOT ME Ethiopia 2012-2019
• Medical ethics and Priority Setting for specialists in fetal medicine, Ethiopia 2018
• Medical ethics and priority setting, teaching at Mnazi Mmoja Hospital, Zanzibar 2017-2018 and in 2022
• Medical ethics course 4^th-year medical students, Zanzibar 2022 (course over six weeks)
• Various shorter course/lectures for health care staff in Malawi, Tanzania, Ethiopia 2011-2022

2025

• Omar, Omar Mwalim; Said, Sanaa Suleiman; Suleiman, Subira et al. (2025). A 10-Step Method for Fair Priority-Setting Processes: A Qualitative Case Study from Zanzibar. (external link)
• Schwarz, Gabriele Leonie; Sjøbø, Brit Ågot; Skaar, Elisabeth et al. (2025). ‘I am old, and I will rather abandon life with my eyes open’: a qualitative study of Norwegians aged 80 and older explaining their intensive care unit admission preferences. (external link)

2024

• Schaufel, Margrethe Aase; Førde, Reidun; Sigurdardottir, Katrin Rut et al. (2024). Lungelegar sine erfaringar med lindrande sedering i livets sluttfase. (external link)
• Mclean, Emily; Miljeteig, Ingrid; Blystad, Astrid et al. (2024). From political priority to service delivery: Complexities to real-life priority of abortion services in Ethiopia. (external link)
• Schaufel, Margrethe Aase; Schanche, Elisabeth; Onarheim, Kristine Husøy et al. (2024). Stretching oneself too thin and facing ethical challenges: Healthcare professionals’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. (external link)
• Kidanemariam, Mulu Beyene; Miljeteig, Ingrid; Moland, Karen Marie Ingeborg et al. (2024). Legal issues in the implementation of Maternal Death Surveillance and Response: a scoping review. (external link)
• Miljeteig, Ingrid; Førde, Reidun; Rø, Karin Elisabet Isaksson et al. (2024). Moral distress among physicians in Norway: a longitudinal study. (external link)
• Schwarz, Gabriele Leonie; Skaar, Elisabeth; Miljeteig, Ingrid et al. (2024). ICU Admission Preferences in the Hypothetical Event of Acute Critical Illness: A Survey of Very Old Norwegians and Their Next-of-Kins. (external link)

2023

• Melberg, Andrea; Miljeteig, Ingrid (2023). Den gylne regel for prioritering av rusbehandling og psykisk helsevern – en kvalitativ studie. (external link)
• Mclean, Emily; Blystad, Astrid; Mirkuzie, Alemnesh Hailemariam et al. (2023). Health workers’ experience of providing second-trimester abortion care in Ethiopia: a qualitative study. (external link)

2022

• Rø, Karin Elisabet Isaksson; Magelssen, Morten; Bååthe, Fredrik et al. (2022). Duty to treat and perceived risk of contagion during the COVID-19 pandemic: Norwegian physicians’ perspectives and experiences—a questionnaire survey. (external link)
• Mclean, Emily; Onarheim, Kristine Husøy; Schanche, Elisabeth et al. (2022). Etiske dilemmaer for sykehjemsleger under covid-19-pandemien. (external link)
• Ashuntantang, Gloria; Miljeteig, Ingrid; Luyckx, Valerie A. (2022). Bedside rationing and moral distress in nephrologists in sub- Saharan Africa. (external link)
• Bringedal, Berit; Rø, Karin Elisabet Isaksson; Bååthe, Fredrik et al. (2022). Guidelines and clinical priority setting during the COVID-19 pandemic – Norwegian doctors’ experiences. (external link)
• Cetin, Kaya; Worku, Dawit; Demtse, Asrat et al. (2022). “Death audit is a fight” – provider perspectives on the ethics of the Maternal and Perinatal Death Surveillance and Response (MPDSR) system in Ethiopia. (external link)

2021

• Miljeteig, Ingrid; Forthun, Ingeborg; Hufthammer, Karl Ove et al. (2021). Priority-setting dilemmas, moral distress and support experienced by nurses and physicians in the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway. (external link)
• Onarheim, Kristine Husøy; Wickramage, Kolitha; Ingleby, David et al. (2021). Adopting an ethical approach to migration health policy, practice and research. (external link)

2020

• Blanchet, Karl; Alwan, Ala; Antoine, Caroline et al. (2020). Protecting essential health services in low-income and middle-income countries and humanitarian settings while responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. (external link)
• Onarheim, Kristine Husøy; Moland, Karen Marie Ingeborg; Molla, Mitike et al. (2020). ‘I wanted to go, but they said wait’: Mothers’ bargaining power and strategies in careseeking for ill newborns in Ethiopia. (external link)
• Miljeteig, Ingrid; Førde, Reidun (2020). Helseetikk i et flerkulturelt samfunn. (external link)
• Miljeteig, Ingrid; Tranvåg, Eirik Joakim (2020). Prioriteringer av helseressurser. (external link)

2019

• Miljeteig, Ingrid; Defaye, Frehiwot Berhane; Desalegn, Dawit et al. (2019). Clinical ethics dilemmas in a low-income setting - a national survey among physicians in Ethiopia. (external link)
• Miljeteig, Ingrid; Desalegn, Dawit; Defaye, Frehiwot Berhane et al. (2019). Priorities at the bedside: experiences of catastrophic health expenditure in Ethiopia. (external link)
• Miljeteig, Ingrid; Defaye, Frehiwot Berhane; Wakim, Paul et al. (2019). Financial risk protection at the bedside: How Ethiopian physicians try to minimize out-of-pocket health expenditures. (external link)
• Defaye, Frehiwot Berhane; Danis, Marion; Wakim, Paul et al. (2019). Bedside Rationing Under Resource Constraints—A National Survey of Ethiopian Physicians’ Use of Criteria for Priority Setting. (external link)
• Magelssen, Morten; Pedersen, Reidar; Miljeteig, Ingrid et al. (2019). Importance of systematic deliberation and stakeholder presence: A national study of clinical ethics committees. (external link)
• Mclean, Emily; Nima, Dawit Desalegn; Blystad, Astrid et al. (2019). When the law makes doors slightly open: ethical dilemmas among abortion service providers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. (external link)
• Johansson, Kjell Arne; Tolla, Mieraf Taddesse; Memirie, Solomon Tessema et al. (2019). Country contextualisation of cost-effectiveness studies: lessons from Ethiopia. (external link)

2018

• Onarheim, Kristine Husøy; Molla, Sisay Mitike; Muluken, Gizaw et al. (2018). Selling my sheep to pay for medicines - Household priorities and coping strategies in a setting without universal health coverage. (external link)
• Onarheim, Kristine Husøy; Miljeteig, Ingrid; Norheim, Ole Frithjof et al. (2018). Priority to the newborn? Real-life priority setting and intra-household resource allocation for newborn health in Ethiopia. (external link)
• Onarheim, Kristine Husøy; Norheim, Ole Frithjof; Miljeteig, Ingrid (2018). Newborn health benefits or financial risk protection? An ethical analysis of a real-life dilemma in a setting without universal health coverage. (external link)
• Onarheim, Kristine Husøy; Melberg, Andrea; Meier, Benjamin Masion et al. (2018). Towards universal health coverage: including undocumented migrants. (external link)

2017

• Miljeteig, Ingrid; Defaye, Frehiwot Berhane; Nima, Dawit Desalegn (2017). A Call for Open Access and Empathy Is Not Enough: Hands on Are Needed!. (external link)
• Onarheim, Kristine Husøy; Sisay, Mitike Molla; Gizaw, Muluken et al. (2017). What if the baby doesn't survive? Health-care decision making for ill newborns in Ethiopia. (external link)
• Magelssen, Morten; Miljeteig, Ingrid; Pedersen, Reidar et al. (2017). Roles and responsibilities of clinical ethics committees in priority setting. (external link)
• Luyckx, Valerie A.; Miljeteig, Ingrid; Ejigu, Addisu M. et al. (2017). Ethical Challenges in the Provision of Dialysis in Resource-Constrained Environments. (external link)
• Miljeteig, Ingrid; Onarheim, Kristine Husøy; Defaye, Frehiwot Berhane et al. (2017). Etikkarbeid i lavinntektsland: Etiopia som eksempel (Ethics capacity building in low income countries: Ethiopia as a case). (external link)
• Onarheim, Kristine Husøy; Miljeteig, Ingrid; Defaye, Frehiwot Berhane et al. (2017). Ethics capacity building in low-income countries: Ethiopia as a case study. (external link)

2016

• Melberg, Andrea; Onarheim, Kristine Husøy; Diaz, Esperanza et al. (2016). Møtet med den papirløse pasient –en etisk analyse. (external link)

2015

• Onarheim, Kristine Husøy; Tolla, Mieraf Taddesse; Norheim, Ole Frithjof et al. (2015). Towards universal health coverage for reproductive health services in Ethiopia: Two policy recommendations. (external link)
• Defaye, Frehiwot Berhane; Nema, Dawit Desalegn; Danis, Marion et al. (2015). A survey of Ethiopian physicians’ experiences of bedside rationing: extensive resource scarcity, tough decisions and adverse consequences. (external link)

2013

• Miljeteig, Ingrid; Skrede, Steinar; Langørgen, Jørund et al. (2013). Skal rusmiddelavhengige pasienter tilbys hjerteklaffkirurgi for andre gang?. (external link)

2012

• Onarheim, Kristine Husøy; Tessema, Solomon; Johansson, Kjell Arne et al. (2012). Prioritizing child health interventions in Ethiopia: modeling impact on child mortality, life expectancy and inequality in age at death. (external link)

2011

• Johansson, Kjell Arne; Miljeteig, Ingrid; Kigwangalla, Hamisi et al. (2011). HIV priorities and health distributions in a rural region in Tanzania: a qualitative study. (external link)

2010

• Miljeteig, Ingrid; Johansson, Kjell Arne; Sayeed, Sadath Ali et al. (2010). End-of-life decisions as bedside rationing. An ethical analysis of life support restrictions in an Indian neonatal unit. (external link)
• Miljeteig, Ingrid (2010). End-of-life priorities in complex settings - An ethical analysis of decisions in Indian neonatal units. (external link)

2009

• Johansson, Kjell Arne; Miljeteig, Ingrid; Norheim, Ole Frithjof (2009). Høykostnadsmedisin - mangler vi åpne og legitime prosedyrer for prioritering?. (external link)
• Miljeteig, Ingrid; Sayeed, Sadath Ali; Jesani, Amar et al. (2009). Impact of Ethics and Economics on End-of-Life Decisions in an Indian Neonatal Unit. (external link)

2008

• Miljeteig, Ingrid; Johansson, Kjell Arne; Norheim, Ole Frithjof (2008). Etiske valg ved medisinsk nytteløs behandling. (external link)

2007

• Miljeteig, Ingrid; Markestad, Trond; Norheim, Ole Frithjof (2007). Physicians' use of guidelines and attitudes to withholding and withdrawing treatment for extremely premature neonates in Norway. (external link)

2006

• Miljeteig, Ingrid; Norheim, Ole Frithjof (2006). My job is to keep him alive, but what about his brother and sister? How Indian doctors experience ethical dilemmas in neonatal medicine. (external link)

See a complete overview of publications in Cristin.

International publications in peer-reviewed journals last six years:

Miljeteig I. Dialogue rather than debate on assisted dying. Tidsskr Den Nor Legeforening 2025.

Schaufel MA, Førde R, Sigurdardottir KR, Miljeteig I. Pulmonologists’ experiences with palliative sedation for terminally ill patients. Tidsskr Den Nor Legeforening 2024. 

Kidanemariam MB, Miljeteig I, Moland KM, Melberg A. Legal issues in the implementation of Maternal Death Surveillance and Response: a scoping review. Health Policy Plan 2024;39:985–99. 

McLean E, Miljeteig I, Blystad A, Mirkuzie AH, Haaland MES. From political priority to service delivery: complexities to real-life priority of abortion services in Ethiopia. Health Policy Plan 2024;39:831–40. 

Schwarz GL, Skaar E, Miljeteig I, Hufthammer KO, Burns KEA, Kvåle R, et al. ICU Admission Preferences in the Hypothetical Event of Acute Critical Illness: A Survey of Very Old Norwegians and Their Next-of-Kins. Crit Care Explor 2024;6:e1185. 

Schaufel MA, Schanche E, Onarheim KH, Forthun I, Hufthammer KO, Engelund IE, Miljeteig I. Stretching oneself too thin and facing ethical challenges: Healthcare professionals' experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nurs Ethics. 2024 Feb 

McLean E, Blystad A, Mirkuzie AH, Miljeteig I. Health workers' experience of providing second-trimester abortion care in Ethiopia: a qualitative study. Reprod Health. 2023 Oct 17;20(1):154

Melberg A, Miljeteig I. Den gylne regel for prioritering av rusbehandling og psykisk helsevern – en kvalitativ studie. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2023 Nov 6;143(16). Norwegian.

Isaksson Rø K, Magelssen M, Bååthe F, Miljeteig I, Bringedal B. Duty to treat and perceived risk of contagion during the COVID-19 pandemic: Norwegian physicians' perspectives and experiences-a questionnaire survey. BMC Health Serv Res. 2022

Cetin K, Worku D, Demtse A, Melberg A, Miljeteig I. "Death audit is a fight" - provider perspectives on the ethics of the Maternal and Perinatal Death Surveillance and Response (MPDSR) system in Ethiopia. BMC Health Serv Res. 2022

Bringedal BH, Rø KI, Bååthe F, Miljeteig I, Magelssen M. Guidelines and clinical priority setting during the COVID-19 pandemic - Norwegian doctors' experiences. BMC Health Serv Res. 2022

McLean E, Onarheim KH, Schanche E, Schaufel MA, Miljeteig I. Ethical dilemmas for nursing home doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2022

Ashuntantang G, Miljeteig I, Luyckx VA. Bedside rationing and moral distress in nephrologists in sub- Saharan Africa. BMC Nephrol. 2022

Miljeteig I, Forthun I, Hufthammer KO, et al. Priority-setting dilemmas, moral distress and support experienced by nurses and physicians in the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway. Nursing Ethics. January 2021.

Onarheim KH, Wickramage K, Ingleby D, Subramani S, Miljeteig I. Adopting an ethical approach to migration health policy, practice and research BMJ Global Health 2021

Onarheim KH, Moland KM, Molla M, Miljeteig I. 'I wanted to go, but they said wait': Mothers' bargaining power and strategies in care-seeking for ill newborns in Ethiopia. PLoS One. 2020

Blanchet, Karl; Alwan, Ala; Antoine, Caroline; (…) Miljeteig, I et al. Protecting essential health services in low-income and middle-income countries and humanitarian settings while responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. BMJ Global Health 2020 

Magelssen M, Pedersen R, Miljeteig I, Ervik H, Førde R. Importance of systematic deliberation and stakeholder presence: a national study of clinical ethics committees. J Med Ethics. 2020

Miljeteig I, Defaye F, Desalegn D, Danis M. Clinical ethics dilemmas in a low-income setting - a national survey among physicians in Ethiopia. BMC Med Ethics. 2019

Miljeteig I, Defaye FB, Wakim P, Desalegn DN, Berhane Y, Norheim OF, Danis M. Financial risk protection at the bedside: How Ethiopian physicians try to minimize out-of-pocket health expenditures. PLoS One. 2019

Johansson KA, Tolla MT, Memirie ST, Miljeteig I et al. Country contextualisation of cost-effectiveness studies: lessons from Ethiopia. BMJ Glob Health. 2019

McLean E, Desalegn DN, Blystad A, Miljeteig I. When the law makes doors slightly open: ethical dilemmas among abortion service providers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. BMC Med Ethics. 2019

Berhane Defaye F, Danis M, Wakim P, Berhane Y, Norheim OF, Miljeteig I. Bedside Rationing Under Resource Constraints-A National Survey of Ethiopian Physicians' Use of Criteria for Priority Setting. AJOB Empir Bioeth. 2019 (corresponding author)

Onarheim KH, Melberg A, Meier BM, Miljeteig I. Towards universal health coverage: Including undocumented migrants. BMJ Global Health 2018

Onarheim KH, Norheim OF, Miljeteig I. Newborn health benefits or financial risk protection? An ethical analysis of a real-life dilemma in a setting without universal health coverage. J Med Ethics 2018

Onarheim KH, Sisay MM, Gizaw M, Moland KM, Norheim OF, Miljeteig I. Selling my sheep to pay for medicines - household priorities and coping strategies in a setting without universal health coverage. BMC Health Serv Res. 2018

Onarheim KH, Sisay MM, Gizaw M, Moland KM, Miljeteig I. What if the baby doesn't survive? Health-care decision making for ill newborns in Ethiopia. Soc Sci Med 2017

Melberg A, Onarheim KH, Spjeldnæs AO, Miljeteig I. Towards universal health coverage for undocumented migrants? Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2017

Miljeteig I, Berhane F, Desalegn D. A Call for Open Access and Empathy Is Not Enough: Hands on Are Needed! Am J Bioeth. 2017

Miljeteig I, Onarheim KH, Defaye FB, Desalegn D, Norheim OF, Hevrøy O, Johansson KA. Ethics capacity building in low-income countries: Ethiopia as a case study. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2017

Magelssen M, Miljeteig I, Pedersen R, Førde R. Roles and responsibilities of clinical ethics committees in priority setting. BMC Med Ethics 2017.

Luyckx VA, Miljeteig I, Ejigu AM, Moosa MR.  Ethical Challenges in the Provision of Dialysis in Resource-Constrained Environments. Semin Nephrol. 2017

Book chapters:

• Miljeteig I, Desalegn D, Defaye FB, Melkie A, Onarheim KH. Chapter 3: “Priorities at the Bedside: Experiences of Catastrophic Health Expenditures in Ethiopia” in “Global Health Priority-Setting: Beyond Cost-Effectiveness”, Oxford University Press. 2020
• Miljeteig, Ingrid; Førde, Reidun. Helseetikk i et flerkulturelt samfunn. I: Etikk i helsetjenesten. Gyldendal Akademisk 2020
• Miljeteig, Ingrid; Tranvåg, Eirik Joakim. Prioriteringer av helseressurser. I: Etikk i helsetjenesten. Gyldendal Akademisk 2020

 

PhD thesis:

End-of-life priorities in complex settings: An ethical analysis of decisions in Indian neonatal units. : Universitetet i Bergen 2010. 200 s. 
UiB  Available at http://hdl.handle.net/1956/4189

 

Norwegian publications in peer reviewed journals:

Morken S, Halset S, Miljeteig I. ”Familyplanning in India" Tidsskr Nor Legeforen 2012 Apr 30;132(8):985-7

Bærøe K, Ottersen T, Eide K, Engjom H, Johansson KA, Miljeteig I, et al. Priority setting in global health. Tidsskr Nor Legeforen 2011; 131:1667-

 Johansson KA, Miljeteig I. Ethical priority setting of health services. Utposten. 2010;4:22

Johansson KA, Miljeteig I, Norheim OF. High-cost medicine: Are we short of transparent and legitimate priority setting procedures? Tidsskr Nor Lægeforen. 2009 Jan 1;129(1):17-20.

Miljeteig I, Johansson KA, Norheim OF. Ethical choices in medical futile treatment.Tidsskr Nor Legeforen 2008;19(128):2185-9.

 

Other publications:

 Miljeteig I, Onarheim KH, Strømme EM, Johansson KA: Fair Prioritysetting in global child health. Morgenbladet June 2012

Johansson K.A, Miljeteig I. Fair use of cost data. Tidsskr Nor Legeforen. 2010;130:144

 Miljeteig I, Johansson KA. The unsolved dilemmas. The priority setting debate needs clarifications of concepts. Chronicle in the newspaper Bergens Tidene 09.07.2010 

Miljeteig I, Johansson KA. Ethics on the timetable - a traveling letter from India.Tidsskr Nor Lægeforen 2002;19(122):1916-7.

Narvestad J, Miljeteig I. ”Medisinstudenter sprer kunnskap om omskjæring av kvinner”. Tidsskr Nor Lægeforen 2002; 122: 866

 

 

Read more about my projects at my research group CHER or at BCEPS. You can also find out more about the work we do in our Clinical Ethics group and clinical ethics committee at Helse Bergen  (in Norwegian).