Academic article

• Robert Rebnor; Hans-Martin Straume; Erling Vårdal (2022). Valutabruk i norsk utenrikshandel. (external link)
• Frank Asche; Hans-Martin Straume; Erling Vårdal (2021). Perish or prosper: Trade patterns for highly perishable seafood products. (external link)
• Ivar Gaasland; Hans-Martin Straume; Erling Vårdal (2020). Agglomeration and trade performance – evidence from the Norwegian salmon aquaculture industry. (external link)
• Frank Asche; Ivar Gaasland; Hans-Martin Straume et al. (2019). Norwegian export of farmed salmon − trade costs and market concentration. (external link)
• David Blandford; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (2018). Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Land Use, and Food Supply under the Paris Climate Agreement—Policy Choice in Norway. (external link)
• Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (2017). Matforsyning og klimapolitikk. (external link)
• Robert Rebnor; Erling Vårdal (2016). Er dollarens dager talte? Globale valutaer. (external link)
• David Blandford; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (2015). Trade liberalization versus climate change policy for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in agriculture: Some insights from Norway. (external link)
• David Blandford; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (2015). Greenhouse gas abatement in agriculture - Is there a conflict with food security?. (external link)
• David Blandford; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (2015). Greenhouse gas abatement in Norwegian agriculture: costs or benefits?. (external link)
• David Blandford; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (2014). The trade-off between food production and greenhouse gas mitigation in Norwegian agriculture. (external link)
• Christian Hagist; Bernt Raffelhüschen; Alf Erling Risa et al. (2013). Long-Term Fiscal Effects of Public Pension Reform in Norway - A Generational Accounting Analysis. (external link)
• Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal; David Blandford (2013). Extensification versus Intensification in Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Agriculture: Insights from Norway. (external link)
• David Blandford; Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland et al. (2011). Optimal agricultural policy and PSE measurement: an asessment and application to Norway. (external link)
• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Erling Vårdal (2010). Lite målrettet styring av jordbruket: Riksrevisjonens rapport om jordbrukspolitikken. (external link)
• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Erling Vårdal (2010). Lite målrettet styring av jordbruket: Riksrevisjonens rapport om jordbrukspolitikken. (external link)
• David Blandford; Ivar Gaasland; Roberto Garcia et al. (2010). How effective are WTO disciplines on domestic support and market access for agriculture?. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal; David Blandford; Rolf Jens Brunstad et al. (2010). Optimal agricultural policy and PSE measurement: an assessment and application to Norway. (external link)
• Hans-martin Straume; Erling Vårdal (2009). Finanskrisens innvirkning på valutamarkedene. (external link)
• Hans-Martin Straume; Erling Vårdal (2009). Finanskrisens innvirkning på valutamarkedene. (external link)
• Sjur Didrik Flåm; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (2009). On deregulating food prices. (external link)
• Jurgita Januleviciute; Hans-Martin Straume; Erling Vårdal (2008). Effekten av en nasjons valutavalg på utenrikshandelen. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal; Rune Mjørlund (2007). Kjerringa mot strømmen: Om Norges tilpasning til WTO-regelverket. (external link)
• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (2005). Efficiency losses in milk marketing boards - the importance of exports. (external link)
• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (2005). Multifunctionality of agriculture: an inquiry into the complementarity between landscape preservation and food security. (external link)
• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (2005). Efficiency losses in milk marketing boards - the importance of exports. (external link)
• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (2005). Efficiency losses in milk marketing boards - the importance of exports. (external link)
• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (2005). Multifunctionality of agriculture: an inquiry into the complementarity between landscape preservation and food security. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2003). Støtten til distriktsjordbruket sett i et samfunnsøkonomisk perspektiv. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2001). Månedlige inflasjonsprognoser. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal; Rolf Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland (2000). Deregulation of the Norwegian market for dairy products. (external link)
• Lars Petter Holgersen; Erling Vårdal (2000). Arbeidsfortjenesten i jordbruket. (external link)
• Lars P. Holgersen; Erling Vårdal (2000). Arbeidsfortjenesten i jordbruket. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal; Rolf Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland (2000). Deregulation of the Norwegian market for dairy products. (external link)
• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (1999). Agricultural production and the optimal level of landscape preservation. (external link)
• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (1999). Agricultural production and the optimal level of landscape preservation. (external link)
• Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (1998). Tariff or quota protection - A case study of the Norwegian apple market. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (1998). Bør kronen flyte?. (external link)
• Espen Kvilekval; Kjell Vaage; Erling Vårdal (1998). Sammenhengen mellom pengemengdevekst og inflasjon i Norge. (external link)
• Gjermund Nese; Ynvar Tveit; Erling Vårdal (1998). Risikopremie og kapitalmobilitet. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal; Gjermund Nese; Yngvar Tveit (1998). Risk premium and capital mobility. (external link)
• Espen Kvilekval; Erling Vårdal (1997). Valutauroen ved årsskiftet 1996/97 - Årsak og lærdommer. (external link)
• Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (1994). Prisstabilisering i jordbruket. (external link)
• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (1994). Norges medlemsskapsavtale med EU på landbruksområdet. (external link)
• Hali J. Edison; Erling Vårdal (1990). Optimal Currency Baskets for Small Developed Economies. (external link)
• Hali J. Edison; Erling Vårdal (1987). Optimal Currency Basket in a World of Generalized Floating: An Application to the Nordic Countries. (external link)

Academic book chapter

• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (2012). Anderledeslandet. (external link)
• Ivar Gaasland; Roberto J. Garcia; Erling Vårdal (2011). Norway. (external link)
• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (2008). Optimal provision of public goods: implications for support to agriculture. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal; Ivar Gaasland (2007). Vestlandsbonden som produsent av fellesgoder. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2002). Markedsmakt i foredlings- og handelsleddene. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2001). Deregulation of the Norwegian Market for Diary Products. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal; Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland (2001). Multifunctionality of agriculture: An inquiry into the complementarity between landscape preservation and food security. (external link)
• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (2001). Deregulation of the Norwegian Market for Dairy Products. (external link)
• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (2001). Deregulation of the Norwegian Market for Dairy Products. (external link)
• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (1994). Inntekter, sysselsetting og omstillinger. (external link)
• R. J. Brunstad; Erling Vårdal (1989). Goal Conflicts in the Norwegian Farming Industry: Allocational Loss through the Pursuit of Non-Efficiency Goals. (external link)

Conference lecture

• Hans-Martin Straume; Erling Vårdal; Frank Asche (2018). TRADE MARGINS FOR NORWEGIAN SEAFOOD EXPORTS. (external link)
• Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal; David Blandford (2017). Achieving GHG Emission Commitments and Food Security Objectives in Norwegian Agriculture. (external link)
• Hans-Martin Straume; Frank Asche; Erling Vårdal (2017). Perish or prosper: Trade patterns for highly perishable products. (external link)
• Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal; David Blandford (2016). Now that the party’s over: achieving GHG emission commitments in Norwegian agriculture. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal; David Blandford; Ivar Gaasland (2012). GHG emission abatement strategy in Norwegian agriculture. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2010). Interaction Between Trade Liberalization and Climate Change Policy: An Application to Norwegian Agriculture. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2010). Copenhagen meets Doha: Greenhouse gas emission reduction and trade liberalization in Norwegian agriculture. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2010). Copenhagen meets Doha: Greenhouse gas emission reduction and trade liberalization in Norwegian agriculture. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2009). Norway´s domestic support. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2008). Green versus yellow support. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2008). Norway: Domestic Agricultural Support. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2006). Regional aspect of agriculture. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2006). Optimal provision of public goods. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2005). Multifunctionality of agriculture: the complementarity between landscape preservation and food security. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2005). Multifunctionality of agriculture: the complementarity between landscape preservation and food security. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2004). Multifunctionality of agriculture: An inquiry into the complementarity between landscape preservation and food security. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2003). Distriktsjordbruket. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2003). Agricultural cooperatives with export - a welfare analysis of the Norwegian dairy industry. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2003). Agricultural cooperatives with export - a welfare analysis of the Norwegian dairy industry. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2003). Agricultural cooperatives with export - a welfare analysis of the Norwegian dairy industry. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2002). Equilibrium and price stabilization. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2002). Multifunctionality of agriculture: An inquiry into the complementarity between landscape preservation and food security. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2001). Multifunctionality of agriculture. An inquiry into the complementary between landscape preservation and food security. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2001). Explaining off-farm income: The importance of income. (external link)
• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (2001). Agriculture as a provider of public goods. (external link)
• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (2001). Agriculture as a provider of public goods. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2000). Produksjonsstrukturen i JORDMOD. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2000). Arbeidsfortjenesten i jordbruket. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2000). From fixers to floaters: An empirical analysis of the decline in fixed exchange rate regimes 1973- 1995. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2000). From fixers to floaters. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2000). Deregulation of the Norwegian Market for Diary Products. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2000). From fixers to floaters: An empirical analysis of the decline in fixed exchange rate regimes 1973- 1995. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2000). From fixers to floaters: An empirical analysis of the decline in fixed exchange rate regimes 1973 - 1995. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2000). Deregulation of the Norwegian Market for Diary Products. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal; Ivar Gaasland; Rolf Brunstad (1994). The transition of Norwegian agriculture to international market conditions: Consequences for landscape preservation. (external link)

Doctoral thesis (PhD)

• Hans-Martin Straume; Erling Vårdal (2015). Four essays in international trade: Trade flows in food products. (external link)

Lecture

• Erling Vårdal (2009). Den Globale Finanskrisen. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2008). Finanskrisen. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2005). Kostbare reguleringer i meierisektoren. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2003). Hvor går landbruket?. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2000). Bør Norge knytte seg opp mot euroen eller satse på en selvstendig pengepolitikk?. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2000). Produksjonsstrukturen i JORDMOD. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2000). Bør Norge knytte seg opp mot euroen eller satse på en selvstendig pengepolitikk?. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2000). Arbeidsfortjenesten i jordbruket. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2000). From fixers to floaters. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2000). From fixers to floaters: An empirical analysis of the decline in fixed exchange rate regimes 1973 - 1995. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (1999). Er det nødvendig med så mange bønder i Norge?. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (1998). Kostnader ved å bygge ned jordbruket. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (1998). Fremmer EMU politisk og økonomisk stabilitet i Europa?. (external link)

Master’s thesis

• Alexander Ag; Erling Vårdal; Kjell Vaage (2020). Nedsiderisiko i norsk økonomi i lys av Norges Banks indikatorer for en god motsyklisk kapitalbuffer. (external link)
• Magnus Hoff Rishaug; Erling Vårdal (2018). Realvalutakurser og fundamentale likevektkurser. (external link)
• Jonathan Daniel Barhane; Erling Vårdal (2018). Finansiell integrasjon og makroøkonomisk volatilitet: En empirisk analyse. (external link)
• Kaspar Jacobsen; Erling Vårdal (2018). Danmarks fastkurspolitikk: ERM2. (external link)
• Jenny Sundquist; Erling Vårdal (2018). Yield-kurven som ledende indicator i USA, Tyskland og Sverige. (external link)
• Jon Amador Vårvik Mandujano; Erling Vårdal (2018). Humankapital og grunnskolen. (external link)
• Hilde Aksnes; Erling Vårdal (2017). Valutakursmodellering og empiriske valutakursgåter - en undersøkelse av råvareeksporterende land. (external link)
• Siri L. W. Bjørklid; Erling Vårdal (2017). Koordinert atferd mellom sentralbanker. Sentralbankenes dilemma- alles kamp mot alle eller harmoni?. (external link)
• Ane Bjønnes; Ane Bjønnes; Erling Vårdal (2017). Inflasjonsforventninger i den norske pengepolitikken. (external link)
• Netland Daniel; Erling Vårdal; Astrid Grasdal (2016). Prisutvikling og regionale forskjeller i den norska boligmarkedet. Masteroppgave. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2004). Pengemengdevekst og inflasjon - en empirisk analyse og teoretiske betraktninger. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2004). Norge som EU-medlem: Konsekvenser for det norske landbruket. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2004). Potensialet for endring i landskap og jordbruksstruktur på Jæren. (external link)

Media feature article

• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (2013). Bondekannibalisme. (external link)
• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (2011). Ti myter om jordbruk. (external link)
• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland; Klaus Mittenzwei et al. (2011). Modeller i jordbruket. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2001). Det multifunksjonelle jordbruket. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (1999). Euroen og den norske kronens skjebne, av Arne John Isachsen og Ole Bjørn Røste (red). (external link)

Media interview

• Erling Vårdal (2009). Økning i detaljhandelen i januar måned. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2008). Sammenbruddet i WTO-forhandlingene. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2008). Om hyperinflasjon. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2008). Prisboblen på matvarer vil sprekke. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2008). En tung børs å bære. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2008). Høyere priser et blaff. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2008). What Now, WTO. (external link)

Non-fiction book chapter

• Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal; David Blandford (2018). A New Deal for Norwegian Agriculture. (external link)

Non-fiction monograph

• Erling Vårdal (2001). Multifunctionality of Agriculture. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal; Ivar Gaasland; Rolf Brunstad (1995). Utvikling eller avvikling - jordbruket ved en skillevei. (external link)

Popular science article

• Erling Vårdal; Ivar Gaasland (2012). Hvordan kutte utslippene fra jordbruket. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2004). Kostbare reguleringer i meierisektoren. (external link)

Radio or TV participation

• Erling Vårdal (2010). Pensjonsreformen. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2002). Sånn er livet. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2000). Bønders tilpasning utenom bruket. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (1998). Renteutviklingen. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (1998). Rente og valutautviklingen. (external link)

Research report

• Erling Vårdal; David Blandford; Ivar Gaasland (2012). Everybody knows that the boat is leaking: How Norway thwarts its WTO commitments. (external link)
• Christian Hagist; Bernd Raffelhuschen; Alf Erling Risa et al. (2011). Long-Term Fiscal Effects of Public Pension Reform in Norway - A Generational Accounting Analysis. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal; David Blandford; Ivar Gaasland et al. (2009). How effective are WTO disciplines on domestic support and market access for agriculture?. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal; Ivar Gaasland; Roberto Garcia (2008). Norway: Shadow WTO Agricultural Domestic Support Notifications. (external link)
• Rolf Jens Brunstad; David Blandford; Ivar Gaasland et al. (2007). Optimal agricultural policy and PSE measurement: an assessment and application to Norway. (external link)
• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (2007). Regional Aspects of Agriculture. (external link)
• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (2007). Optimal provision of public goods. Implications for support to agriculture. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal; Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland et al. (2007). Optimal agricultural policy and PSE measurement. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal; Sjur Didrik Flåm; Ivar Gaasland (2006). On Stabilizing or Deregulating Food Prices. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal; Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland (2005). Multifunctionality of agriculture: the complementarity between landscape preservation and food security. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2005). Pengemengdevekst og inflasjon i Norge 1960-2001. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (2004). Pengemengdevekst og inflasjon i Norge i 1960-2004. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal; Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland (2003). Efficiency losses in milk marketing boards - the importance of exports. (external link)
• Sjur Didrik Flåm; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (2001). Equilibrium and price stabilization. (external link)
• Espen Bratberg; Lars P. Holgersen; Erling Vårdal (2001). Explaining off-farm labour supply: The importance of income. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (1999). Optimal choice of a union partner. (external link)
• Espen Bratberg; Lars Einar Legernes; Erling Vårdal (1999). From Fixers to Floaters: An Empirical Analysis of the Decline in Fixed Exchange Rate Regimes 1973-1995. (external link)
• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (1998). Deregulation of the Norwegian market for milk produkts. (external link)
• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (1998). Deregulation of the Norwegian market for milk products. (external link)
• Espen Kvilekval; Kjell Vaage; Erling Vårdal (1997). Sammenhengen mellom pengemengdevekst og inflasjon i Norge 1960-1996. (external link)
• Gjermund Nese; Yngvar Tveit; Erling Vårdal (1997). Risikopremie og kapitalmobilitet. (external link)
• Rolf Jens Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (1997). Agricultural production and the optimal level of landscape preservation. (external link)
• Rolf Brunstad; Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (1994). Agriculture as a provider of public goods. (external link)
• Ivar Gaasland; Erling Vårdal (1994). Tariff or quota protection - A case study of the Norwegian apple market. (external link)
• Hali J. Edison; Erling Vårdal (1989). Optimal Currency Baskets for Small, Developed Economies. (external link)
• Erling Vårdal (1989). On the relationship between the Price of Oil and the Dollar Exchange Rate. (external link)

Textbook

• Ole Gunnar Austvik; Ivar Bredesen; Erling Vårdal (2002). Internasjonal handel og økonomisk integrasjon. (external link)

See a complete overview of publications in NVA.